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Read the following text. Then, for each question, choose the answer that fits best according to the text
The education reform of 1999 [in Poland] focused on several important aspects of the education system. It
changed its structure, introducing a new curriculum and assessment system, and focused on ensuring
higher competences among teachers. In general, the goals of the school reform were to improve teaching
quality and increase educational opportunities. These goals were achieved to some extent. Increased
teacher autonomy and the introduction of the core curriculum helped to increase efficiency and
transparency in the education system. Under the new system, students followed the same curriculum for a
longer period of time and were streamed into different tracks later, and thus it was easier to ensure that all
students received the same quality basic education and had same opportunities to succeed academically.
Increased autonomy for teachers also allowed them to better adapt their teaching methods to the needs of
their students. Moreover, in the system introduced, students had to change school when progressing to
lower-secondary education (starting middle school). This meant it could be ensured that middle-school
teachers were less biased towards the students, whom they did not know, and would thus treat all students
in the same way. According to the national stakeholders, the changes in the education system’s structure
also helped to increase the motivation of teachers, which further contributed to better-quality teaching.
Working in new middle schools was seen as a promotion that motivated all teachers to improve the quality
of their teaching. The reform increased access to tertiary education and improved inclusion by ensuring
more equal opportunities (Wojniak & Majorek, 2018).
Adapted from European Commission: Directorate-General for Education, Youth, Sport and
Culture, Successful PISA stories in the EU – How some Member states have been able to improve their
performance over time – Final report, Publications Office of the European Union,
2022:105, https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2766/429517
Under the new system
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Risposta corretta: [a] students were tracked later than before